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In Greek mythology, Poseidon (Greek: Ποσειδών; Latin: Neptūnus) was the god of both the sea and earthquakes. In sculpture, he was instantly recognizable by his three-pronged spear (the trident) that he held in his hand. When the Roman Empire invaded Greece, Poseidon was worshiped by the Romans as the sea god Neptune. [1] In his benign aspect, Poseidon was believed to create new islands, calm seas and protect travelers. However, when offended or ignored, he struck the ground with his ... Poseidon is famous for his contests with other deities for winning the patronage of the city. According to legend, Athena became the patron goddess of the city of Athens after a competition with Poseidon, though he remained on the Acropolis in the form of his surrogate, Erechtheus. Poseidon, in ancient Greek religion, god of the sea (and of water generally), earthquakes, and horses. He is distinguished from Pontus, the personification of the sea and the oldest Greek divinity of the waters. The name Poseidon means either “husband of the earth” or “lord of the earth.” Learn about Poseidon, the Olympian god of the ocean, earthquakes, and horses, who ruled over the waters and the land. Discover his origins, attributes, symbols, powers, myths, and worship in ancient Greece.