What does NICU mean? Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ( NICU ) is an intensive care unit specializing in the care of ill or premature newborn infants. NICU is equipped with specialized medical equipment and staffed by healthcare professionals who are trained to care for newborns who require extra support. Note: The term neonatal comes from neo means “new” and natal means “pertaining to birth or origin”. To provide supportive care to these babies, a specialised intensive care unit has been designed. These units are known as NICU (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit). The NICU has specially trained staff and advanced supportive equipment and is often put in a special area of the hospital. Also known as Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) – although Level 2 units may also have their own NICU. These look after the smallest, most premature and most unwell babies and often serve a large geographical region. The complete form of NICU is Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. It is a specialized hospital department designed to provide intensive medical care to newborn babies who are critically ill or premature.