Mitral valve: Overview The mitral valve is a

Overview The mitral valve is a critical component of the heart's anatomy, playing a pivotal role in maintaining efficient blood flow between the left atrium (LA) and the left ventricle (LV). The mitral valve consists of two leaflets, anterior and posterior, which open and close to regulate blood flow from the LA to the LV during the cardiac cycle. The mitral valve apparatus is a complex 3-dimensional (3D) functional unit that is critical to unidirectional heart pump function. This review details the normal anatomy, histology, and function of the main mitral valve apparatus components: mitral annulus, mitral valve leaflets, chordae tendineae, and papillary muscles. Two-dimensional and 3D echocardiography is ideally suited to examine the mitral valve apparatus and has provided important insights into the mechanism of mitral valve ... Learn about the types, causes, risk factors, and symptoms of mitral valve disease, a condition affecting the heart valve between the left atrium and ventricle. Find out how to diagnose and treat this disease with medication, surgery, or other interventions.