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Learn the key differences and similarities between fraternal and identical twins, such as genetic code, gender, blood type, appearance, and risks. Find out how to identify and test for zygosity, and how environmental factors can affect twin phenotypes. The main difference between identical and fraternal twins is that identical twins have the same genes whereas fraternal twins have 50% of the same genes. The splitting of a fertilized egg develops two or more fetuses, forming identical twins. Fraternal twins are like a pair of siblings who happen to grow together in their mom’s belly at the same time. But here’s the twist: instead of one egg splitting into two, two separate eggs are fertilized by two different sperms. This means they’re like two separate pregnancies happening together! Fraternal Twins: Varieties, Genetics, and Parenting Now, identical twins are like a copy-paste situation. One egg gets fertilized, and then it splits into two, making two babies that share ... If fraternal twins run on the mother’s side of the family, there is an increased chance of her also having fraternal twins. This is due to genetics passed on to the mother.