Electrolytes Test vs. ABG Test : The Electrolytes test checks for imbalances in the blood, while the ABG test evaluates pH, oxygen, and carbon dioxide levels to assess respiratory and metabolic function. Get complete information on the Electrolytes Test: Procedure, uses, results interpretation, and normal range. Understand how this test is used to diagnose. An electrolyte panel, also known as a serum electrolyte test, is a blood test that measures levels of the body's main electrolytes: Sodium, which helps control the amount of fluid in your body. The Electrolyte Test is a simple and essential diagnostic tool used to detect health conditions related to dehydration, kidney function, heart health, and more. It involves collecting a blood or urine sample and is generally safe, with minimal risks like slight discomfort during collection.