Cxxc: The CXXC active-site motif of thiol-disulfide oxidoreductases

The CXXC active-site motif of thiol-disulfide oxidoreductases is thought to act as a redox rheostat, the sequence of which determines its reduction potential and functional properties. Here we systematically measured and compared the DNA-binding selectivities of all known human CXXC domains by different binding assays, and complemented the existing function-based classification of human CXXC domains with a classification based on their DNA selectivities. CXXC1 is a protein that binds to CpG sequences and regulates gene expression. It is also known as CGBP, CFP1, PHF18, SPP1, ZCGPC1, hCGBP, PCCX1 and has orthologs in human and mouse. CXXC1 is a protein coding gene that encodes a transcriptional activator that binds to unmethylated CpG motifs. It is involved in vertebrate development and regulates gene expression through the SETD1 complex.