These provisions, outlined in Article 352 to Article 360 under Part XVIII of the Constitution, empower the government with special powers during times of emergency. This article will explore the detailed provisions of Article 352 , its constitutional framework, the process of declaring a National Emergency, its historical applications, effects on governance, judicial review, and the potential criticisms of its use. The Indian Constitution authorizes the President to declare three types of emergencies, National Emergency under Article 352 , State Emergency (also known as President’s Rule) under Article 356, and Financial Emergency under Article 360. Article 352 empowers the President to declare a national emergency in case of war, external aggression or armed rebellion. It also specifies the procedures and conditions for issuing, varying, revoking or disapproving a Proclamation of Emergency and its effects on the constitutional rights and powers.
