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Learn about the origins, laws, and resistance of apartheid , the system of racial segregation in South Africa from 1948 to 1994. Explore the sources, posters, and testimonies that document the struggle against apartheid and for freedom. Broadly speaking, apartheid was delineated into petty apartheid , which entailed the segregation of public facilities and social events, and grand apartheid , which strictly separated housing and employment opportunities by race. [9] Apartheid was a system in South Africa that enforced racial segregation and discrimination. Pass laws were strict rules that controlled where Black South Africans could go during apartheid . Nelson Mandela was a key leader in the fight against apartheid , later becoming the first Black president of South Africa. Apartheid was a system of social and political segregation between the whites and the non–whites. Blacks, mixed races, and Indians mainly faced discrimination. The apartheid system was criticized worldwide for its racism and violation of human rights.