Anemia What sample is needed for an Anemia workup? EDTA blood is needed. For RBC morphology, a direct smear is preferred.` Bone marrow is also advised. Also, a bone biopsy may be needed. How will you define Anemia ? Anemia is a decrease in hemoglobin concentration depending on the patient’s age and sex. The diagnostic criteria are low hemoglobin, hematocrit (Hct), or decreased RBC count. Anemia is condition of decreased hemoglobin content. There are 8 types of anemia based on red blood cell structure and causes for it. Anemia is the most common blood disorder, and according to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, it affects more than 3 million Americans. The different types of anemia often share similar symptoms but have different causes as well as different treatments and severity levels. Learn more.