Measurement of serum sodium is routine in assessing electrolyte, acid-base, and water balance, and renal function. Sodium accounts for approximately 95% of the osmotically active substances in the extracellular compartment, provided the patient is not in renal failure or has severe hyperglycemia. Get complete information on the Sodium Test: Procedure, uses, results interpretation, and normal range . Understand how this test is used to diagnose. Understanding your sodium test results can reveal surprising insights about your health, even when other markers appear normal . This visual guide breaks down normal sodium (Na) ranges across different age groups and highlights the subtle differences between men and women. A sodium blood test measures sodium levels in the blood and helps diagnose hyponatremia or hypernatremia. Learn about the normal range , the procedure, and the difference between the two conditions.