Definition of prosperity noun in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more. Prosperity definition: a successful, flourishing, or thriving condition, especially in financial respects; good fortune.. See examples of PROSPERITY used in a sentence. Prosperity is a condition in which a person or community is doing well financially. ...a new era of peace and prosperity . ...Japan's economic prosperity . Discover the meaning of prosperity — beyond wealth. Learn how health, purpose, and relationships create a balanced, fulfilling life